IJBST 2016 Volume 9 Issue 8
International Journal of BioSciences and Technology (IJBST) ISSN: 0974-3987
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Cost-Benefit on Masculination of NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) using Natural and Artificial Hormone. Orose, Ekinadose; Vincent-Akpu, Ijeoma. IJBST (2016), 9(8):46-51
Title:
Cost-Benefit on Masculination of NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) using Natural and Artificial Hormone
Authors & Affiliation:
Orose, Ekinadose; Vincent-Akpu, Ijeoma
Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. P.M.B 5323
ekinadoseorose@gmail.com, ijeoma.vincent-akpu@uniport.edu.ng, ijvincentakpu@yahoo.com
Abstract:
The study was conducted to estimate the cost benefit of using wet testes of bull (Bos. indicus), boar (Sus.domesticus), bull/mud catfish testes (B.indicus / C. gariepinus) and pawpaw seed powder (Carica papaya) on masculinization of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry in an indoor experimental pond. The estimates of cost effectiveness of producing phenotypic males were determined after 4months. A total of 825 fry were randomly allocated to 15 experimental ponds. The hormonal diets were formulated by adding 17α- methyl-testosterone (MT ) T1, wet testes from bull (T2), boar (T3), bull/catfish testes (T4) and pawpaw seed powder, PSP(T5) at an inclusion of 0.06g, 17.47g, 25.59g 20.48g and 20g respectively to 1000 g of feed . The fish were fed at 20% body weight during the 42 days feeding trials and a gradual reduction of feed from 10% to 5% during the 4months rearing period. The highest percentage (%) weekly survival rate during the 42 days feeding trial was observed in PSP (T5) 98 while MT diet (T1) had the least survival of 80. Result on external examination revealed that Nile tilapia fry fed with MT- treated diet (T1) gave the highest masculinisation of 100% followed by T3, T4, T2 and T5 with masculinization percentage of 93, 92, 89 and 80 respectively. Result on cost benefit showed that the highest gross income (Naira) was recorded in T5 (N4860) and least in T1 (N4050). Total production cost/kg was highest in T4 (N5006) and least in T2 (N3514). Total net return of fry was highest in T5 (N1822) and least in T4 (N -206). Basically, the results suggest that it is more economically viable to use PSP and testes from boar, bull in producing phenotypic male rather than the synthetic MT diet. Farmers should be encouraged to use natural hormone which could be of great relevance to organic tilapia production.
Keyword: wet testes, masculinization, hormonal diet, cost benefit, Oreochromis niloticus